1 安装CMAKE
sudo apt-get install cmake
2 安装python及其所依赖的软件包
sudo apt-get install build-essentialsudo apt-get install git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-devsudo apt-get install python3-dev python3-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng12-dev libtiff5-dev libjasper-dev libdc1394-22-dev
3 从opencv官网下载opencv源码
wget -c https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/3.2.0.zipunzip .2.0.zip
4 编译
在解压后的文件夹中新建build文件夹，用来存放编译文件
mkdir buildcd build# 在电脑上有多个版本的python时，可以通过-D PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=$(which python3)来确定使用哪个版本的pythoncmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=$(which python3) -D WITH_TBB=ON -D WITH_EIGEN=ON ..#没有问题后makesudo make install
5 安装Contrib模块
OpenCV3之后有些模块在称为opencv_contrib的资源库中，比如人脸识别模块等。
#下载opencv_contrib#在build同级目录下mkdir opencv_contribcd opencv_contribwget -c https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/3.2.0.zip #解压 unzip 3.2.0.zip #重新运行cmake cd ../build cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Release -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local -D PYTHON_DEFAULT_EXECUTABLE=$(which python3) -D OPENCV_EXTRA_MODULES_PATH=../opencv_contrib/3.2.0/modules/ -D WITH_TBB=ON -D WITH_EIGEN=ON .. #make & make install make sudo make install
6 验证是否安装成功
在终端运行python3
import CV2 #如果没有出错，就说明安装成功了
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7 打开摄像头例子
import cv2capture = cv2.VideoCapture(0)while True: ret, img = capture.read() if img is not None: cv.imshow('camera', img) if cv.waitKey(10) & 0xFF == ord(' '): break capture.release() cv.destroyAllWindows() 参考：
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